What is a fundamental nursing intervention to prevent pressure ulcers in bedridden patients?

• A. Reposition every 2 hours and use pressure-relieving surfaces
• B. Keep skin dry and avoid any repositioning
• C. Massage aggressively every hour
• D. Maintain one position for extended periods

Answer: (A)

Reducing and redistributing pressure on vulnerable areas is essential for preventing pressure ulcers in patients who cannot move themselves. Repositioning at least every two hours relieves sustained pressure over bony prominences, helping restore tissue perfusion and prevent ischemic injury. Using pressure-relieving surfaces, such as specialized mattresses or cushions, further distributes weight and lowers peak pressure and shear, which are key factors in skin breakdown. Keeping skin dry is important for skin health, but without regular repositioning and pressure redistribution, ulcers can still develop. Aggressive massage can cause tissue damage and isn’t a preventive strategy. Maintaining one position for a long time directly increases ulcer risk. So, the best foundational approach is turning regularly and using pressure-relieving surfaces.